Marketing cooperatives generally use a daily pooled cost and price, which spread price fluctuations over all participating producers. Wholesale marketing is subject to the most price fluctuations. Shippers generally sell and transport tomatoes for a predetermined price. In wholesale marketing, either you or a shipper can take your crop to the market. Options are available for growing processing tomatoes however, this publication will focus on fresh-market tomatoes. Six basic marketing alternatives are available to the tomato grower: TSWV = tomato spotted wilt virus resistant All cultivars are listed in order of maturity (early to late.) Recommended tomato cultivars for Pennsylvania Type Tomato cultivars recommended for Pennsylvania are listed below. Fresh-market tomatoes are usually sold loose in bulk containers. Marketingĭepending on location, fresh-market tomatoes are produced in Pennsylvania from the first of June (in a high tunnel) to the end of October. Processing tomato production has historically been an important part of the tomato industry in Pennsylvania, but it has declined in significance in the past decade. Pennsylvania produces about 4,000 acres of fresh-market tomatoes with an annual value of between $15 and $25 million. In recent years the United States has produced around 300,000 acres of processed tomatoes valued at $600 to $700 million and 130,000 acres of fresh-market tomatoes worth $1.4 to $1.6 billion (USDA Statistical Services bases value of production on total acres harvested times average price). In the United States, tomatoes are harvested for two basic purposes: processing and fresh marketing. They are generally not well suited to large-scale production for various reasons, including difficulty in shipping, lack of fruit firmness, uneven ripening, disease susceptibility, and indeterminate growth habit. They are old varieties that have been passed down from generation to generation.
Heirloom tomato varieties have become popular in many local fresh markets. Indeterminate tomato plants continue to grow and produce fruiting flowers throughout the entire season. Determinate tomato plants will grow to a genetically specified height and produce all of their fruiting flowers at one time. There are two types of tomato plant growth habits: determinate and indeterminate. Producing a variety of types will enable you to offer your customer all of their tomato preferences. You should determine your customers' desires and market needs before ordering seeds or plants. Another recent introduction that may have a market niche is ornamental hanging basket tomatoes for the home garden market. Producing a mixture of these types may expand your marketing capabilities and prospects. Tomatoes come in many different types of fruit-fresh or beefsteak types, grape, saladette, cherry, plum or paste, and others. Since 1890, tomato breeding has developed varieties adopted for use around the world. Commercial tomato production did not begin until after 1860 when tomatoes were finally accepted by consumers. All members of this family have toxic alkaloids present in either their leaves or their fruits.
Tomatoes are a member of the botanical family Solanaceae, which contains many potentially poisonous plants (nightshade, nicotianas, Jimson weed, and mandrake), as well as edible plants (potatoes, capsicums, and eggplants). In Europe and the United States, tomatoes were used only as ornamental plants until the early 1800s because the fruit was thought to be poisonous. Columbus and other explorers brought tomatoes to Europe by the late 1400s. Tomatoes originated in South America-specifically in Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador.
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